Third Lung

Terminalia arjuna can enhance cardiopulmonary endurance, making it a potential ergogenic aid for athletes. Participants showed enhanced oxygen consumption and exercise capacity, indicating its potential as a supplement for improving athletic performance.

Cardivascular

Studies have reported that Terminalia arjuna exhibits anti-ischemic (reducing oxygen demand of the heart) and antihypertensive (blood pressure-lowering) properties, which are beneficial in managing cardiovascular diseases. (3)

Cardiopulmonary Ergogenic Aid

Research suggests that Terminalia arjuna can enhance cardiopulmonary endurance, making it a potential ergogenic aid for athletes. Its cardioprotective effects may help protect the heart from extreme conditions and aid in recovery. A study involving healthy young adults found that supplementation with Terminalia arjuna improved physical performance and cardiorespiratory endurance. Participants showed enhanced oxygen consumption and exercise capacity. (4)

VO₂ max

Arjuna supplementation led to a significant increase in VO₂ max and a reduction in resting systolic blood pressure. When combined with Ashwagandha (like our product Third Lung), improvements were observed in multiple performance parameters. (8)

Acute supplementation might prolong time-to-exhaustion and improve time trial performance in recreationally active individuals. Rhodiola can reduce the buildup of stress hormones like cortisol, which helps decreased fatigue and accelerates recovery after intense exercise.

Perceived Exhaustion Reduction

Rhodiola has potential to improve exercise performance by reducing physical and mental fatigue perception. (5)

Increased Stress Resilience

Rhodiola may enhance mental performance under stress. A study found that participants experienced improvements in mental fatigue and increased work capacity after supplementation. (6)

Interesting

Historically, Rhodiola rosea was utilized by the USSR for its potential to enhance stamina and endurance among soldiers, cosmonauts, and Olympic athletes. (7)

VO₂ max enhancement

Supplementation has been associated with significant improvements in VO₂ max, indicating enhanced cardiorespiratory endurance. A systematic review and meta-analysis reported that ashwagandha intake led to notable increases in VO₂ max among healthy adults and athletes. (1)

Decreased RPE and Increased Endurance

Ashwagandha has been shown to reduce fatigue and enhance endurance. Athletes reported decreased perceived exertion and improved performance during high-intensity activities after supplementation. (2)

Beta-alanine is a non-essential amino acid that serves as a precursor to carnosine, a dipeptide concentrated in skeletal muscle. Carnosine acts as an intracellular pH buffer, delaying muscle fatigue during high-intensity exercise. Supplementing with beta-alanine has been shown to enhance exercise performance, particularly in activities lasting 1 to 4 minutes. (9)

Lactate Buffer

Supplementing with beta-alanine elevates muscle carnosine concentrations, enhancing the muscle's ability to buffer hydrogen ions, thereby delaying the onset of muscle fatigue during intense exercise. (10)

Beta-alanine supplementation positively impacts physical performance in aerobic–anaerobic transition zones, enhancing exercise capacity during activities that require both aerobic and anaerobic energy system. (11)

A study involving 23 recreationally strength-trained males who underwent a 6-week resistance training program found that daily supplementation with 2.5 grams of betaine anhydrous resulted in significant improvements in body composition. Participants experienced an average reduction of 2.9 kg in fat mass and an increase of 2.4 kg in lean body mass. (12)

Cardiovascular

Betaine serves as a methyl donor in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, thereby helping to lower elevated homocysteine levels—a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Supplementation with betaine has been shown to effectively reduce plasma homocysteine concentrations, contributing to improved cardiovascular health. (13)

VO₂ max

A 2021 study administered betaine to professional soccer players over 14 weeks. The results indicated improvements in VO₂ max, one-rep max strength, and sprinting performance compared to a placebo group. (14)

Hydration

Betaine acts as an osmolyte, helping to maintain cell hydration and integrity during stress, which may contribute to improved exercise performance. (15)

Aerobic Performance

A systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of L-citrulline supplementation on aerobic exercise performance. The analysis indicated that L-citrulline supplementation could improve performance in aerobic exercises, likely due to increased NO production enhancing blood flow and oxygen delivery to muscles. (16)

Anaerobic Performance and HIIT

A study investigated the effect of L-citrulline intake on intermittent short-time high-intensity exercise performance in male collegiate track athletes. The results suggested that L-citrulline intake may enhance exercise performance and exhibit anti-fatigue effects during high-intensity intermittent exercises. (17)

Fatigue and Endurance

Research has shown that L-citrulline supplementation can reduce muscle fatigue during high-intensity exercise by enhancing NO production, which improves blood flow and nutrient delivery to muscles. This reduction in fatigue contributes to improved endurance performance. (18)